This report examines how smallholder farmers’ production plot data is collected, governed, and shared in commodity supply chains. It synthesizes emerging practices that can better protect farmers’ interests, while enabling sustainability and due diligence objectives. Anchored in case studies from Colombia (cocoa), Kenya (coffee), Viet Nam (rubber), Indonesia (palm oil), and Brazil (soy), the report unpacks both the concrete mechanics of farm-level data flows and the higher-level governance levers – voluntary commitments, fit-for-purpose regulation, and digital public infrastructure (DPI) – that can drive more equitable outcomes.

The report has been prepared by Preferred by Nature for the FAO. It is also published here.